What happens to manganese exposure manganism cause? Researchers are still investigating the link between welding rod fumes and manganism. Welding rod litigation has begun to help those who suffer from ill health in the welding and manganese exposure. Efforts are made to reduce the risk of exposure to environmental manganese. In 1994, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) rejected a petition by Ethyl Corporation for the use of methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) in unleaded gasoline as possible, due to health problems associated with inhalation of manganese fumes (Davis, 1999). Other environmental laws enacted to reduce exposure to manganese welding fumes and toxicity. However, some scientists believe that more should be done on manganism and welding fumes. Researchers studying the health effects of welding fumes "a report by the preponderance of the evidence of manganese neurotoxicity, even in today's industrial environments (Iregren 1999). The U.S. Department of Labor Mine Safety and Health Administration, welding fume sampling is necessary due to potential hazards such as gas welding metals, toxic gases, and ultraviolet and infrared radiation. Smoke particles are formed from vaporization of molten metal. They are very fine in size, generally one micron or less, and may join larger particles. welding fumes can be sampled by the air through a special filter in a controlled study. The adverse health effects of chronic exposure to welding or acute systemic poisoning, the metal fume fever (a disease of short painful period with symptoms of fever and chills), pneumoconiosis (lung disease caused by the accumulation of mineral or metal particles) and respiratory irritation. "welding smoke produced in welding operations depend primarily on the composition of the metal to be welded and welding rods. When the base metal is iron or steel, welding rods of similar composition, the major component of welding fumes are iron oxide. In welding stainless steel welding fumes containing nickel and chromium can be produced. silver metal welding galvanized or painted can generate fumes containing cadmium, zinc and lead oxide. Besides welding rods can generate fluoride and free silica in the fumes, depending on the coating composition of the welding cables. "summary of the welding processes generate different metals and other toxic components of smoke. It is important that the dangers of welding are properly assessed. The toxic gases in welding include carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide and ozone. If the welding or cutting operations are performed in the presence of chlorinated hydrocarbons, such as the form of solvents, either the metal or in the air can and dangerous concentrations of hydrogen chloride, phosgene, which are highly toxic irritant gases are produced . "Besides the health hazards of welding fumes and toxic gases, welding operations involve the risk of burning by fire, arc, molten metal, hot surfaces and also metal splash. … When personal respiratory protection is required, this can be provided by an air supply or welding hood when the components are known and the concentration of vapor through a filter type respirator with filters for protection against welding fumes. It is preferable, of course, that sufficient ventilation for the animals of the use of masks unnecessary. When sampling for welding fumes, the inspector must use a filter cassette placed in the neck or shoulder so under the helmet when the helmet is placed down. The sampling pump is attached to the strap. Swatches [of welding fumes] may be complete or short-term change. In the short term samples may be taken to evaluate toxic [welding fumes ] elements in the short term are limited. In addition, the inspector of the sample for toxic gases such as ozone, nitrogen oxides, phosgene. It is important that the application of welding welding in a normal way, so a accurate assessment of exposure can be made. The inspector position and remove the cartridge filter and pump as needed. "Normal is a good local or general ventilation needed to control exposure to metal fumes from welding gases and welding. The most effective control is local exhaust hood, placed one near the welding arc or flame, and "welding